During February-March 2023, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted a sociological research "Opinions and views of the population of the Lviv agglomeration" commissioned by the Council of Europe Program "Strengthening good democratic governance and stability in Ukraine". The research was conducted as part of the development of the Lviv Agglomeration Development Strategy.

A total of 3,016 residents of the Lviv agglomeration (in the Lviv community and in 18 other communities) were interviewed by the method of personal interviews.   

The full version of the analytical report in Ukrainian can be downloaded from the link.

From February 22 to March 6, 2023, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted its own all-Ukrainian public opinion survey "Omnibus". Bythemethodofcomputer-assistedtelephoneinterviews (CATI) based on a random sample of mobile phone numbers (with random generation of phone numbers and subsequent statistical weighting), 985 respondents living in all regions of Ukraine (except the Autonomous Republic of Crimea) were interviewed. The survey was conducted with adult (aged 18 and older) citizens of Ukraine who, at the time of the survey, lived on the territory of Ukraine (within the boundaries controlled by the authorities of Ukraine until February 24, 2022). The sample did not include residents of territories that were not temporarily controlled by the authorities of Ukraine until February 24, 2022 (AR of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol, certain districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts), and the survey was not conducted with citizens who left the country after February 24, 2022.

Formally, under normal circumstances, the statistical error of a sample of 985 respondents (first wave) (with a probability of 0.95 and taking into account a design effect of 1.1) did not exceed 3.4% for indicators close to 50%, 3.0% for indicators , close to 25%, 2.1% - for indicators close to 10%, 1.5% - for indicators close to 5%.

Under conditions of war, in addition to the specified formal error, a certain systematic deviation is added. In particular, if back in May, among all the respondents we interviewed, 2.5-4% lived in the territories occupied after February 24 (and this corresponded to the percentage of those who live there, because the generation of telephone numbers was random), now, due to the occupiers turning off the telephone connection, we managed to interview only 1 respondent (out of 985), who currently lives in the occupied settlements. It is important to note that although the views of the respondents who lived in the occupation were somewhat different, the general trends were quite similar. That is, the impossibility of interviewing such respondents does not significantly affect the quality of the results. There are other factors that can affect the quality of results in "wartime" conditions (see Annex 2).

In general, we believe that the obtained results are still highly representative and allow a fairly reliable analysis of public moods of the population.

During February 14-22, 2023, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted its own all-Ukrainian public opinion survey "Omnibus". By the method of computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) based on a random sample of mobile phone numbers (with random generation of phone numbers and subsequent statistical weighting), 2,002 respondents living in all regions of Ukraine (except the Autonomous Republic of Crimea) were interviewed. The survey was conducted with adult (aged 18 and older) citizens of Ukraine who, at the time of the survey, lived on the territory of Ukraine (within the boundaries controlled by the authorities of Ukraine until February 24, 2022). The sample did not include residents of territories that were not temporarily controlled by the authorities of Ukraine until February 24, 2022 (AR of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol, certain districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts), and the survey was not conducted with citizens who left the country after February 24, 2022.

Formally, under normal circumstances, the statistical error of such a sample (with a probability of 0.95 and taking into account the design effect of 1.1) did not exceed 2.4% for indicators close to 50%, 2.1% for indicators close to 25%, 1.5% - for indicators close to 10%, 1.1% - for indicators close to 5%.

Under conditions of war, in addition to the specified formal error, a certain systematic deviation is added. In particular, if back in May, among all the respondents we interviewed, 2.5-4% lived in the territories occupied after February 24 (and this corresponded to the percentage of those who live there, because the generation of telephone numbers was random), now, due to the occupiers turning off the telephone connection, we managed to interview only 2 respondents (out of 2002) who currently live in occupied settlements. It is important to note that although the views of the respondents who lived in the occupation were somewhat different, the general trends were quite similar. That is, the impossibility of interviewing such respondents does not significantly affect the quality of the results. There are other factors that can affect the quality of results in "wartime" conditions (see Annex 3). In general, we believe that the obtained results are still highly representative and allow a fairly reliable analysis of public moods of the population.

Recently, a draft of the Law on Amendments to the Criminal and Criminal Procedure Codes of Ukraine regarding the establishment of responsibility for individual actions against the foundations of national security of Ukraine was published, which proposes the introduction of punishment for the dissemination of false information.

This initiative caused a stir in society and is actively discussed. We suggest looking at the problem from a slightly different angle, namely, how Ukrainians themselves assess their ability to distinguish quality information from misinformation and fakes. To begin with, it is appropriate to recall the individual results of a comprehensive research conducted by KIIS on the order of the Civic Network "OPORA" in July 2022[1]. So, first of all, it is obvious that the landscape of communication channels has changed with the transition to the distinct dominance of digital channels (especially Telegram channels[2]). Television still plays an important role, but in the dynamics we see a significant increase in the use of digital sources. At the same time, 40% of Ukrainians believe that "now there are so many different sources of information that it is difficult for me to determine which of them provide truly truthful information about events" (52%, on the contrary, despite the variety of sources, can identify those that provide truthful information ). At the same time, 56% place responsibility for the fight against fakes and false information on the state itself (on citizens themselves place this responsibility 35%). The opinions of Ukrainians regarding the regulation of the media sphere are quite contradictory. On the one hand, 60% believe that "the media should be able to reasonably criticize the actions of the government" (against 32% who want the media to support the government's line). On the other hand, 60% "to strengthen defense against the enemy the state should more actively control information in Internet sources" (30% consider this a restriction of the rights and freedoms of citizens).

In addition, earlier in 2018-2019, KMIS asked respondents on the order of the NGO "Media Detector" the question "Do you think that you yourself are able to distinguish quality information from misinformation and fakes?"[3]. In December 2022, KIIS added this question to its own all-Ukrainian survey to analyze the dynamics (see the research methodology in Annex 1). If in February 2019 52% answered that they could distinguish quality information, then in December 2022 – 78%, including from 21% to 38%, there were more people who answered firmly "yes". The decrease occurred both at the expense of those who consider themselves unable to distinguish qualitative information, and at the expense of those who previously could not determine their opinion (representatives of both these categories became fewer).

From February 22 to March 6, 2023, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted its own all-Ukrainian public opinion survey "Omnibus". Bythemethodofcomputer-assistedtelephoneinterviews(CATI) based on a random sample of mobile phone numbers (with random generation of phone numbers and subsequent statistical weighting), 985 respondents (respectively, in the first and second waves) living in all regions of Ukraine (except AR of Crimea) were interviewed. The survey was conducted with adult (aged 18 and older) citizens of Ukraine who, at the time of the survey, lived on the territory of Ukraine (within the boundaries controlled by the authorities of Ukraine until February 24, 2022). The sample did not include residents of territories that were not temporarily controlled by the authorities of Ukraine until February 24, 2022 (AR of Crimea, the city of Sevastopol, certain districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts), and the survey was not conducted with citizens who left the country after February 24, 2022.

Formally, under normal circumstances, the statistical error of a sample of 985 respondents (first wave) (with a probability of 0.95 and taking into account a design effect of 1.1) did not exceed 3.4% for indicators close to 50%, 3.0% for indicators , close to 25%, 2.1% - for indicators close to 10%, 1.5% - for indicators close to 5%.

Under conditions of war, in addition to the specified formal error, a certain systematic deviation is added. In particular, if back in May, among all the respondents we interviewed, 2.5-4% lived in the territories occupied after February 24 (and this corresponded to the percentage of those who live there, because the generation of telephone numbers was random), now, due to the occupiers turning off the telephone communication, we managed to interview only 1 respondent in the first wave (out of 985) and 3 respondents in the second wave (out of 2007), who currently live in occupied settlements. It is important to note that although the views of the respondents who lived in the occupation were somewhat different, the general tendencies were quite similar. That is, the impossibility of interviewing such respondents does not significantly affect the quality of the results. There are other factors that can affect the quality of results in "wartime" conditions (see Annex 2).

In general, we believe that the obtained results are still highly representative and allow a fairly reliable analysis of public moods of the population.