Anton Oliynyk, a professor at the Memorial University of Newfoundland, prepared a column for Ukrainska Pravda based on KIIS data. Below we also offer it for your attention.

The official position of the Ukrainian leadership regarding negotiations with Russia was and remains unchanged. The war will end with negotiations. " Zelensky's Formula " will be their agenda . Ukrainians' perception of the war is more dynamic. Public opinion is moving in the direction of a crossroads.

Ukrainians' answers to the question of why they think Russia invaded Ukraine indicate the presence of opposite tendencies. The Kyiv International Institute of Sociology first asked this question in May 2023, and then in February 2024. The question was open, without hints.

From April 23 to May 1, 2024, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted a public opinion survey of Kyiv residents. Bythemethodofcomputer-assistedtelephoneinterviews(CATI) based on a random sample of mobile phone numbers (with further statistical weighting), 804 respondents living in all districts of Kyiv were interviewed. The survey was conducted with adult (aged 18 and older) residents of the capital, who at the time of the survey lived and were registered in the city of Kyiv.

Formally, under normal circumstances, the statistical error of such a sample (with a probability of 0.95 and without taking into account the design effect) did not exceed 3.5% for indicators close to 50%, 3.1% for indicators close to 25%, 2.1 % - for indicators close to 10%, 1.6% - for indicators close to 5%.

The conducted survey is the second wave. The first wave (according to the same questionnaire) was conducted on October 12-16, 2023.

Under conditions of war, in addition to the specified formal error, a certain systematic deviation is added. There are various factors that can affect the quality of results in "wartime" conditions, which were cited by KIIS earlier. In general, we believe that the obtained results are still highly representative and allow a fairly reliable analysis of the public mood of the capital's population.

During April 20-26, 2024, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted a survey of Ukrainian refugees by order of the non-governmental organization Center for Strategic Communications "Forum". Bythemethodofcomputer-assistedwebinterviews(CAWI) 801 respondents (adult citizens aged 18 and older) who left Ukraine after February 24, 2022 and currently live in Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic were interviewed.

Formally, under normal circumstances, the theoretical statistical error of such a sample (with a probability of 0.95) did not exceed 3.5%. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the lack of reliable statistical data on the number and resettlement of Ukrainian refugees, the lack of data on their sex-age structure, the rooting of individual Ukrainian refugees and, as a result, less interest in participating in Ukrainian surveys, the peculiarities of the online interview method. The specified factors affect the error and the actual error will be somewhat higher.

At the same time, we believe that the obtained results still retain significant representativeness and allow us to analyze the public attitudes of Ukrainian refugees.

During April 20-26, 2024, the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) conducted a survey of Ukrainian refugees by order of the non-governmental organization Center for Strategic Communications "Forum". Bythemethodof  computer-assisted web interviews (CAWI) 801 respondents (adult citizens aged 18 and older) who left Ukraine after February 24, 2022 and currently live in Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic were interviewed.

Formally, under normal circumstances, the theoretical statistical error of such a sample (with a probability of 0.95) did not exceed 3.5%. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the lack of reliable statistical data on the number and resettlement of Ukrainian refugees, the lack of data on their sex-age structure, the rooting of individual Ukrainian refugees and, as a result, less interest in participating in Ukrainian surveys, the peculiarities of the online interview method. The specified factors affect the error and the actual error will be somewhat higher.

At the same time, we believe that the obtained results still retain significant representativeness and allow us to analyze the public moods of Ukrainian refugees.